The Evolution of Torture and Secret Prisons in the Bush Administration
by TChris
The NY Times explores the genesis of the Bush administration's secret prisons:
According to accounts by three former intelligence officials, the C.I.A. understood that the legal foundation for its role had been spelled out in a sweeping classified directive signed by Mr. Bush on Sept. 17, 2001. The directive, known as a memorandum of notification, authorized the C.I.A. for the first time to capture, detain and interrogate terrorism suspects, providing the foundation for what became its secret prison system.
And the genesis of torture:
That 2001 directive did not spell out specific guidelines for interrogations, however, and senior C.I.A. officials began in late 2001 and early 2002 to draw up a list of aggressive interrogation procedures that might be used against terrorism suspects. They consulted agency psychiatrists and foreign governments to identify effective techniques beyond standard interview practices.
Policy became practice in a Thailand prison, where the CIA concluded that the FBI's standard interrogation techniques weren't inducing Abu Zubaydah to tell all he knew about al Qaeda:
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