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Defense Attorney Challenges Replacement of U.S. Attorneys

Kudos to TalkLeft contributer Last Night in Little Rock (aka John Wesley Hall of Little Rock, AR) for filing a motion challenging Alberto Gonzales' firing of U.S. Attorneys across the country and replacing them with political "appointees" who do not have to be confirmed by the Senate.

Hall was appointed by the court to represent a death penalty defendant last week and filed this motion (pdf) today. He argues that the "appointment" of U.S. Attorney Tim Griffin violates Art. II of the Constitution and Sec. 541 of Title 28 of the U.S. Code.

Why did Gonzales replace U.S. Attorney Bud Cummins with Griffin?

So far, seven U.S. Attorneys around the country have been fired and replaced by political appointees without confirmation by the Senate. The requirement was abolished by a provision in the Patriot Act that allows recess appointments.

The renewal of the USA PATRIOT Act, Public Law 109-177, 120 Stat. 246, Title V, § 502 (March 9, 2006), included the provision at issue here: 28 U.S.C. § 546©. The whole statute for context provides:

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the Attorney General may appoint a United States attorney for the district in which the office of United States attorney is vacant.

(b) The Attorney General shall not appoint as United States attorney a person to whose appointment by the President to that office the Senate refused to give advice and consent.

© A person appointed as United States attorney under this section may serve until the qualification of a United States Attorney for such district appointed by the President under section 541 of this title.

Subsection (c-d) formerly read:

© A person appointed as United States attorney under this section may serve until the earlier of—

(1) the qualification of a United States attorney for such district
appointed by the President under section 541 of this title; or

(2) the expiration of 120 days after appointment by the Attorney General under this section.

(d) If an appointment expires under subsection ©(2), the district court for such district may appoint a United States attorney to serve until the vacancy is filled. The order of appointment by the court shall be filed with the clerk of the
court.

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    question (none / 0) (#1)
    by Deconstructionist on Wed Jan 24, 2007 at 07:16:17 AM EST
      How does this filing in any, way, shape or manner help the person whose life is at stake in this case?

       If defendant prevails (doubtful) is there ANY reason to believe the next person will change course and choose not to seek the death penalty or be more amenable to a reasonable plea offer if that is what the defendant is seeking? will a different peerson in office cause theprosecution to be less effective?

        If the defendant loses (quite likely) will this maneuver run the risk of making the prosecution more intractable?

       I have to question whether this is an example of using a client's case to make a political point rather than acting only with the client's best interests in mind.

     

    Did I miss something? (none / 0) (#2)
    by jondee on Wed Jan 24, 2007 at 08:42:42 AM EST
    Given Gonzales record expediting capital cases what are the odds that he made sure he appointed an attorney that was, shall we say, "death friendly"?

    This is a case where "politics" and clients interests coelese.

    Btw, (none / 0) (#3)
    by jondee on Wed Jan 24, 2007 at 08:49:22 AM EST
    why do you say its "doubtful" that the defendant will prevail?

    Because (none / 0) (#4)
    by Deconstructionist on Wed Jan 24, 2007 at 08:56:29 AM EST
      I highly doubt that the court will find any legal merit in either the assertions of jurisdiction and standing or the substantive argument that the appointment is unlawful.

    on the first post (none / 0) (#5)
    by Deconstructionist on Wed Jan 24, 2007 at 09:47:40 AM EST
     My point is that given Bush's and DOJ's stance what reason is there to think that even if the motion was granted and the current occupant was removed that the next person would not be equally or more "death friendly"?

       Perhaps, there is some reasoning behind the motiion that actually would benefit THE DEFENDANT being tried in a capital case and it does just coincidentally coincide with the filer's political motives, but what is it?

    how? why? (none / 0) (#6)
    by Deconstructionist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 07:20:14 AM EST
    Jondee you write: "This is a case where "politics" and clients interests coelese"

      Stating a conclusion does not make it so. Do you care to explain how the lawyer's politics and client's interests coalsece?

       

    coalesce (none / 0) (#7)
    by Deconstructionist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 07:21:16 AM EST
    we both have trouble typing that word

    Parent
    coalesce, oy.. (none / 0) (#8)
    by jondee on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 11:37:52 AM EST
    Decon, you seem to have rather quickly moved to the conclusion that the lawyers interest in the case is purely "political", as if peoples politics were automatically divorced from other types of convictions and commitments.

    If Im not mistaken in my characterization of your position, what do you base this conclusion on?

    Take a long look at Gonzales' role in expediting executions in Texas; supporting a system that was one of the most draconian in terms of it's attitude to defendants rights and, in particular,the right to competent representation, in recent memory, and tell me that any defense attorney working on a capital case involving a Gonzales appointed States Attorney who had even a modicum of intelligence and genuine human concern for the fate of his client, wouldnt make some attempt to work within the system to insure that his client wasnt going to be expedited too quickly to the recycling furnace.    

    Btw, Decon (none / 0) (#9)
    by jondee on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 11:45:11 AM EST
    If you're saying that Prosecutorial "effectiveness" = seeking the death penalty, explain why this is so.

    again you simply miss the point (none / 0) (#10)
    by Deconstructionist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 02:03:22 PM EST
      The point is:

     WHAT REASON IS THERE TO BELIEVE THAT IF THE CURRENT APPOINTEE IS REMOVED THAT THE NEXT WILL NOT BE EQUALLY IN TUNE WITH GONZALES'S POSITION!

      What gain is there to the defendant even if this person is successfully removed?

       Factor in that losing this motion, which calls into question the qualification of the person who is and may well continue to be in charge of the office prosecuting the defendant,  and the unfortunate reality that some prosecutors take things like that pewrsonally and this filing  may create a less favorable position for the defendant.

       In light od that waht is the reason in the DEFENDANT'S best interest for this motion?

      As for your second post you, again, just can't get it. My point is that ANY U.S. Attorney appointed by this administration is likely to pursue the same course, so if the defense counsel can articulate an argument that one different than the current one will less effective THAT would be at least a colorable argument supporting the judgment to file the motion.

       

    how do you get more intractable than death? (none / 0) (#11)
    by lennonist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 03:37:31 PM EST
    "If the defendant loses (quite likely) will this maneuver run the risk of making the prosecution more intractable?"

    So we shouldn't pull out all the stops, file every motion in a d.p. case 'cause we don't want to make the prosecution more "intractable?"  

    How do you get more intractable than death?

    Are you concerned they'll also try to kick him when he's dead?  

    This touches on a great point, for defense lawyers and for Democrats: There are a lot of people who "advocate" that a defense lawyer shouldn't get too uppity else the prosecution get mad and up the ante.  There are times, indeed, when heeding this advice is appropriate, but they're rare.  

    Most of the time the defense lawyer's best tactic is to adopt an attacking defense, akin to what is taught at the NCDC in Macon, GA.  This is especially true in a d.p. case, when it's difficult to fathom the pros becoming more intractable, assuming cruel and unusual punishment hasn't, to paraphrase Gonzo, become quaint like his feelings about the Geneva Conventions.  

    I admire the tactic and wish more defense lawyers, and Democrats, wouldn't suffer from so much Stockholm Syndrome as to worry about what Big Daddy might do if we exercise our rights and fight against death instead of worrying about appearing intractable to a person whose asking permission to kill to punish killing.  

    Fight them with any means, inside the law, when they want to kill your client.  

    Filing "every motion" (none / 0) (#12)
    by Deconstructionist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 04:16:10 PM EST
     is NOT the answer. Filing every motion in your client's best interest is.

      Filing motions for "fighting's sake" is not the way to go unless it serves a purpose.

      No one is saying you shouldn't fight and piss off the prosecution. I'm saying that there needs to be a purpose beyond that.

       Perhaps there is in this case, but I and apparently no one else knows what it it might be.

      The way the prosecution can become more intractable is by refusing to consider offering a plea offer  to a lesser sentence when obtaining such an offer would be in your client's best interest.

      As I said, where I can see no gain for the defendant even if the requested relief was granted, even the possibility that such a tactic might cause the prosecution to dig in its heels and refuse to make an offer is a dubious risk to take when it is THE CLIENT not the lawyer who pays for the bluster.

    If they're seeking the death penalty (none / 0) (#13)
    by lennonist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 07:05:12 PM EST
    what makes you think they are going to "consider offering a plea offer  to a lesser sentence?"  Haven't they already thrown down the glove proclaiming that the fight is one of life and death?  

    The answer to your and my questions is of course "it depends."  Only Last Night truly knows whether this tactic is in his client's best interests, but in a d.p. case, why not give him the benefit of the doubt?  After all, perhaps the way to persuade the prosecution to offer a plea to a lesser offense is to counter their d.p. request by showing them that it's not going to be easy.  

    I agree that one must pick one's battles and always think of the client but I'm confident Last Night accompanied (or soon will accompany) this motion with a persuasive plea to the prosecution for a better offer for his client to consider.

    The issue is how do we pressure the prosecutors to offer the best deals: Sometimes we should offer carrots and sometimes sticks.  However, when they've threatened the ultimate stick should we really worry about appearing intractable?  Often the best way to persuade them to offer the best carrot is to show them the battle will be a long, intractable, one if they don't offer up a carrot that serves our clients well.  

    Here's your reason... (none / 0) (#14)
    by lennonist on Thu Jan 25, 2007 at 10:15:28 PM EST
    "No one is saying you shouldn't fight and piss off the prosecution. I'm saying that there needs to be a purpose beyond that. Perhaps there is in this case, but I and apparently no one else knows what it it might be."

    From the motion, Sect. I:

    "The Defendant is charged... with Federal Capital murder...  Defendant is informed by the AUSA that a superceding indictment will be sought against the Defendant in February.  Presumably this indictment will allege an additional aggravating circumstance for the death penalty."

     

    Lennonist (none / 0) (#15)
    by Deconstructionist on Fri Jan 26, 2007 at 07:17:12 AM EST
      I agree with your first post. I think everyone does, but is just generalities. i am talking about this particular motion in this particular circumstance and asking for a rationale for filing it that helps the client.

      I'm going to assumethe defense counsel is very experienced because Federal Courts must appoint "learned counsel" in capital cases. to be "first chair" in a capital case you need prior experience and jusdges want to make sure defendants have experienced lawyers both because of "fairness" and because a well qualified lawyer is less likely to provide fodder for later ineffective assistance claims.

      That being so, in a jurisdiction the size of Arkansas, it is a sure bet the U.S. Attorney's office is already well aware of the lawyer's capabilities and approach and there should be no need to file a motion for the sole purpose of impressing the prosecution that you are willing to fight. Everyone also knows that the best fight is not filing motions that serve no good purpose but being very adept at recognizing, presenting and supporting the motions that do serve a good purpose.

      Your second post relies entirely on the assumption that the anticipated superseding indictment adding allegations of additional aggravating circumstances would be less likely to come to pass because of the motion to disqualify the current appointee.

      I see no reason to believe that is so. You are willing to give the defense counsel the benefit of the doubt. I am not without further explanation.

      I can hypothesize a few possible reasons other than grandstanding but I haven't heard them. One is simply delay, delay, delay. Death penalty cases move much slower (for a good reason0 than most federal criminal cases and perhaps the defense is convinced that UNDER ANY REPUBLICAN  the U.S.Attorney's office will go to the mat for the death penalty and that is has a strong case but that if resolution can be delayed until 2009, a demoncrat in the office might be willing to cut a deal, so the goal is to do evereything possible to keep the case from coming to trial for as long as possible.

       

    Decon (none / 0) (#16)
    by jondee on Fri Jan 26, 2007 at 06:15:58 PM EST
    Delay, delay, delay, and, hopefully, increasingly focus public attention on the case in an atomosphere that is less sure -- in the wake of the recent plethora of DNA exonerations -- of the moral and judicial efficacy of the final soloution, and hope it works in your favor.

    Two Things (none / 0) (#17)
    by jarober on Sat Jan 27, 2007 at 02:09:20 PM EST
    1. The office of the President is a political office.  What a shocker - there are political acts!

    2. Remind me again what Bill Clinton did with the existing US attorneys when he took office in 1993?  


    Until bush had the law changed ... (none / 0) (#18)
    by Sailor on Sat Jan 27, 2007 at 04:36:01 PM EST
    ... USAs had to be confirmed by the Senate. Now the exec branch appoints them for indefinite terms.

    TITLE 28 > PART II > CHAPTER 35 > § 546.
    Vacancies (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the Attorney General may appoint a United States attorney for the district in which the office of United States attorney is vacant. (b) The Attorney General shall not appoint as United States attorney a person to whose appointment by the President to that office the Senate refused to give advice and consent. (c) A person appointed as United States attorney under this section may serve until the earlier of-- (1) the qualification of a United States attorney for such district appointed by the President under section 541 of this title; or (2) the expiration of 120 days after appointment by the Attorney General under this section. (d) If an appointment expires under subsection (c)(2), the district court for such district may appoint a United States attorney to serve until the vacancy is filled. The order of appointment by the court shall be filed with the clerk of the court.

    § 541. United States attorneys (a) The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a United States attorney for each judicial district.

    The difference, Clinton's appointees were legal, and confirmed, or the judges in that district appointed interim ones.

    bush had the law changed, (even tho it will probablky be found unconstitutional) and the DoJ's excuse is:

    we must ensure that someone is able to carry out the important function of leading a U.S. attorney's office in the event a vacancy arises.
    And they made sure vacancies arose by firing the USAs who were investigting republicans.

    Parent
    not to mention that (none / 0) (#19)
    by squeaky on Sat Jan 27, 2007 at 04:44:39 PM EST
    The US attorneys serve at the pleasure of the president. When a new president is elected new attorneys are appointed.

    As Sailor points out this bushwhacking is new. Spector snuck a provision into the Patriot Act that let's the President appoint US attorneys without the traditional Senate approval.

    Also, a non-sequitur by jarober, in that the Attorneys that were dismissed were investigating Republican corruption and the replacements are ill qualified hacks whose loyalty is to the party and not the people.

    Parent

    Hmm (none / 0) (#20)
    by jarober on Sat Jan 27, 2007 at 05:05:07 PM EST
    "Bush had the law changed"

    Remind me again which branch of government passes laws?  

    You are over your limit (none / 0) (#22)
    by Sailor on Sun Jan 28, 2007 at 08:23:47 PM EST
    Bush US Attorney Appointments (none / 0) (#21)
    by Robin Boerner on Sun Jan 28, 2007 at 06:19:26 PM EST
    I don't know if Alaska would be on the "tops" list...but I'd like to see a complete list. Notice how Nelson Cohen is claiming HE is not part of this exclusive group. Then read the article below from the CORPORATE CRIME REPORTER:

    "But Gonzales overrode Stevens' objection and put in Cohen to be U.S. Attorney in Alaska on a temporary basis. As such, the Cohen appointment does not require Senate confirmation"

    From the DOJ website:

    Key Personnel In United States Attorney's Offices

    District: ALASKA
    Site Phone Phone Number
    Office: (907) 271-5071
    Fax: (907) 271-3224
    Site Address Type Address
    Mailing: Federal Bldg. & U.S. Cthse.
    222 W. 7th Ave., #9, Rm 253
    Anchorage, AK 99513-7567
    Shipping: Federal Bldg. & U.S. Cthse.
    222 W. 7th Ave., #9, Rm 253
    Anchorage, AK 99513-7567

    * Represents Presidentially Appointed United States Attorney

    Official Position/Title Name

    USA Nelson P. Cohen

    http://corporatecrimereporter.com/stevens090706.htm

    CORPORATE CRIME REPORTER

    Senator Stevens Feuds with Main Justice in DC as FBI Raids Son's Office in Alaska
    20 Corporate Crime Reporter 35(1), September 6, 2006

    Senator Ted Stevens (R-Alaska) is feuding with the Justice Department.

    On August 22, Attorney General Alberto Gonzales appointed Nelson Cohen, head of the white collar crime unit at the U.S. Attorney's office in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania - to be the interim U.S. Attorney in Alaska - over the objections of Senator Stevens.

    Senator Stevens said at the time that he was "furious at the way the Attorney General handled the matter."

    According to a transcript provided by Senator Stevens' office to Corporate Crime Reporter, at a press conference on August 28 in Anchorage, Alaska, Senator Stevens was asked by a reporter - "Who do you think should be U.S. Attorney?"

    "Well not someone who comes from Pennsylvania, and that's a little problem I have right now, finding out what to do about that," Stevens said. "Because very clearly, I was called three weeks ago now, and told they had someone who they'd like to nominate from outside Alaska. And we said, `No, no. You're not going to do that. You can't do that. You don't do that in any other state. You're not going to do it in this one.'"

    But Gonzales overrode Stevens' objection and put in Cohen to be U.S. Attorney in Alaska on a temporary basis. As such, the Cohen appointment does not require Senate confirmation.

    In a press release , the Justice Department says that prior to joining the U.S. Attorney's office in Pittsburgh, Cohen practiced law for ten years in Alaska.

    "We submitted some names, but Justice had one reason or another that they figured the person had a conflict, but they never really came with anything other than that we should find someone else," Stevens said at the press conference. "We did give them some additional names, but in the meantime they had already taken action on this person. We have to arm wrestle on this one. It is not the thing to do. It has only happened one other time that I can remember. I can remember it happened in Illinois and it caused such an uproar. As a matter of fact, it became a real cause celeb with the Illinois Bar Association."

    On August 31 - just three days after Senator Stevens' press conference denouncing the Department of Justice - the FBI raided the offices of a number of state legislators in Juneau including that of Senator Stevens son - Alaska Senate President Ben Stevens.

    FBI agents reportedly left Ben Stevens Capitol offices with 12 boxes of documents labeled "evidence."

    Federal officials are reportedly investigating payments from oil service giant VECO to a number of public officials in exchange for their support for a new production tax law and the construction of a natural gas pipeline in Alaska.
    The Anchorage Daily News reported last week that "in disclosures he was required to file as a legislator, [Ben] Stevens said he was paid $243,000 over the last five years as a `consultant' to VECO. Whenever he was asked to describe what he did for the money, Stevens refused to answer. The company also refused to say."

    In addition to computer hard drives and hard paper records linking the legislators to VECO, FBI agents were reportedly seeking hats emblazoned with the logo - "Corrupt Bastards Club" or "Corrupt Bastards Caucus."
    In March, in an op-ed piece run in the state's major papers, Lori Backes, executive director of the All Alaska Alliance - a group that has supported an alternative gas pipeline route - had charged eleven lawmakers - including Senator Ben Stevens - with taking money from VECO.

    The lawmakers reportedly started referring to themselves as the "Corrupt Bastards Club" or the "Corrupt Bastards Caucus" - and had hats printed with the CBC logo.

    Aaron Saunders, a spokesman for Senator Ted Stevens, would not discuss anything having to do with the FBI raid in Alaska.

    Nor would he say why Senator Stevens was "furious" with Attorney General Gonzales.

    Could it be that the Justice Department was not going to give Senator Stevens his choice of a U.S. Attorney when the Stevens family was caught in the middle of a public corruption probe?

    No comment, Saunders said.

    Home

    Corporate Crime Reporter
    1209 National Press Bldg.
    Washington, D.C. 20045
    202.737.1680

    Can ANYONE in this Administration tell the truth about ANYTHING? If a 46 year old gimped woman that sells doors and windows for a living and only has time because I am home on meds can dig this up on a US Attorney with a Pinochio Complex...why isn't the media all over this?