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Alan Abramowitz's Red Herring Reply To Paul Krugman

By Big Tent Democrat

With this title, Krugman's Latest Attack On Barack Obama Not Supported By The Evidence, you knew that a reasonable and rational counterargument would not be forthcoming. But the extent of Abramowitz's disingenuity is pretty stunning.

First, Abramowitz ignores Krugman's points on the bad politics and economics of Obama's statements. Which I took to be the main point of Krugman's column. But even on the "sociology," Abramowitz either misses or mistates Krugman's point. I'll explain on the other side.

Abramowitz writes:

Krugman claims that the relationship between frequency of church attendance and Republican voting is much weaker among lower income white voters than among upper income white voters. This claim is not supported by evidence from the 2004 national exit poll. According to the exit poll data, the relationship was equally strong among lower and upper income white voters. Among white voters with family incomes of less than $30 thousand, George Bush was supported by 68% of those who reported attending church more than once per week vs. 33% of those who reported never attending church.

(Emphasis supplied.) Is that what Krugman claimed? No. Here is what Krugman wrote:

It’s true that people in poor states are more likely to attend church regularly than residents of rich states. This might seem to indicate that faith is indeed a response to economic adversity.

But this result largely reflects the fact that southern states are both church-going and poor; some poor states outside the South, like Maine and Montana, are actually less religious than Connecticut. Furthermore, within poor states, people with low incomes are actually less likely to attend church than those with high incomes. (The correlation runs the opposite way in rich states.)

What is demonstrably false is that Abramowitz accurately characterized Krugman's argument. Krugman said that IN POOR STATES (now quoting Abramowitz) "the relationship between frequency of church attendance and Republican voting is much weaker among lower income white voters than among upper income white voters." Abramowitz's rectiing 2004 NATIONAL EXIT POLLS is a complete nonsequitor to Krugmans's factual assertion. It is either disingenuous or dishonest of Abramowitz to pretend Krugman wrote something he did not. Thus, Abramowits point one refutation is utter nonsense.

Abramowitz then writes:

Citing the research of Princeton political scientist Larry Bartels, Krugman claims that Democrats do better among working class voters now than they did during the 1960s and that the success of the Republican Party in American politics since that time is entirely explained by GOP gains in the South. But this is simply not the case. Republican gains in the South are only part of the story of GOP success since the 1960s.

At this point, we know we can not trust Abramowitz's characterization of Krugman's argument so we must go to the source material to see what Krugman actually argued. Krugman wrote:

In his Op-Ed, Mr. Bartels cited data showing that small-town, working-class Americans are actually less likely than affluent metropolitan residents to vote on the basis of religion and social values. Nor have working-class voters trended Republican over time; on the contrary, Democrats do better with these voters now than they did in the 1960s.

It’s true that Americans who attend church regularly are more likely to vote Republican. But contrary to the stereotype, this relationship is weak at low incomes but strong among high-income voters. That is, to the extent that religion helps the G.O.P., it’s not by convincing the working class to vote against its own interests, but by producing supermajorities among the evangelical affluent.

(Emphasis supplied.) Abramowitz does not even touch Krugman's actual argument. Instead he engages in obfuscation:

Democratic identification (including leaning independents) among white voters outside of the South fell from 50% to 44% between 1962-70 and 2002-2004 while Republican identification rose from 45% to 51%. Thus, an eight point Democratic advantage during the 1960s was transformed into a seven point Republican advantage in 2002-2004.

But Republican gains were much larger among two key Democratic constituencies. Among northern white Catholics, Democratic identification fell from 65% during the 1960s to 44% in 2002-2004 while Republican identification rose from 26% to 49%. Thus a 39 point Democratic advantage among northern white Catholics was transformed into a five point Republican advantage.

Do you see the misstatement Abramowitz made? He treat ALL white voters as poor and all Catholic voters as poor. We know this is wrong. Catholics in the United States have been upwardly mobile economically. Nothing Abramowitz cites in any way refutes Krugman and Bartels' factual points. Again, what is demonstrably false is that Abramowitz addressed Krugman's factual points.

Abramowitz continues:

Similarly, among northern white blue collar workers, Democratic identification fell from 61 percent during the 1960s to 41 percent in 2002-2004 while Republican identification rose from 31 percent to 48 percent. Thus, a 20 point Democratic advantage among northern white blue collar workers was transformed into a seven point Republican advantage.

This is the closest Abramowitz comes to addressing Krugman's point. But two things stand out - first, Abramowitz provides no economic definition of what "blue collar worker" means. We do not know what incomes he is talking about. Second, Abramowitz leans on "party identification" rather than voting patterns. This simply is not enough to declare that Krugman's factual assertions are "demonstrably false."

Indeed, it is instructive to consider what Krugman actually wrote:

So why have Republicans won so many elections? In his book, “Unequal Democracy,” Mr. Bartels shows that “the shift of the Solid South from Democratic to Republican control in the wake of the civil rights movement” explains all — literally all — of the Republican success story.

Abramowitz's response is to distort:

It is clear from these data that the Democratic Party's problems in recent years have not been confined to white voters in the South. Democrats have also lost ground among white ethnic and working class voters outside of the South, voters who were once crucial components of the party's electoral base. While Barack Obama's formulation of the problems that the Democratic Party has been having with these voters may not have been artful, there is no doubt that the problem is real.

This was not Krugman's point. Krugman said that the reason why Republicans WON was confined almost entirely in the South. And anyone familiar with a Blue State/Red State map knows this to be true. The South flipped to the Republicans in the wake of the civil rights movement. Tom Schaller and others, including me, have argued for what I have termed a Lincoln 1860 strategy in the short term, win without the South. Schaller rightly points out that Obama has real strengths in the West and the Midwest that make him a better candidate for executing that strategy. But Abramowitz was intent on misstating Krugman's factual assertions and his argument. He missed the obvious opportunity to tout Obama's candidacy. Why? Because disagreeing with St. Barack Obama is an unpardonable offense.

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  • Display: Sort:
    Indeed, and Krugman has his finger on something (5.00 / 2) (#1)
    by andgarden on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:36:50 AM EST
    anecdotally, I've noticed that one of the big differences between voting patterns in the North and in the South is in the rich white suburbs. In the north, that was Bill Clinton territory, and has trended away from R toward D. In the south it was Newt Gingrich territory, and it has gone from not really existing to R.

    In any case, Abramowitz is clearly a boob.

    Thanks for that. (5.00 / 3) (#2)
    by Fabian on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:37:18 AM EST
    Abramowitz's arguments sound reasonable enough unless you go back and reread Krugman carefully.  I read Krugman yesterday and what Abramowitz wrote did sound plausible without a side by side comparison.

    Aside:  I never did like those mega churches.  The very thought makes me feel queasy.  Now I have another reason not to like them - "evangelical affluent"

    AKA (5.00 / 2) (#4)
    by andgarden on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:46:04 AM EST
    the biggest sanctimonious hypocrites in America.

    Parent
    Well said BTD! (5.00 / 4) (#3)
    by BostonIndependent on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:45:52 AM EST
    I read Krugmanr's piece as an academic's response -- pointing out why Obama often gets correlations wrong, or interprets them in a way that re-inforces his pre-gone conclusions. I doubt your rebuttal (which is in the same careful vein) will merit any response from Abramowitz or other Obama supporters -- they seem to be beyond rational arguments now.

    Besides the bad politics and economics of Obama's positions that Krugman writes about -- you left out the last sentence in Krugman's piece which points out how Obama's conflation of Senator Clinton's campaign with Bill Clinton's legacy can only hurt him and the party long term. I suspect as a sound bite, most democrats who remember the 90's will relate to that easily, and it contains good advice for Obama even now:

    And one more thing: let's hope that once Mr. Obama is no longer running against someone named Clinton, he'll stop denigrating the very good economic record of the only Democratic administration most Americans remember.


    Over at the great orange (5.00 / 2) (#7)
    by Fabian on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:00:26 AM EST
    I'm indulging in my Saturday morning home repair chat group.  Nice people, very helpful.

    I scan the reclist.  

    I don't believe in guilt by association.  And I do not want a leader afraid to associate with person because of how it might impact his political future.

    teacherken says that Ayers is no big deal because he's just one associate and not proof of some larger pattern.  I wait eagerly for him to defend Clinton with the same rationale.

    No really.  I'm serious.  Really!

    Parent

    Midwest (5.00 / 1) (#6)
    by Petey on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:58:21 AM EST
    "Schaller rightly points out that Obanma has real strengths in the West and the Midwest that make him a better candidate for executing that strategy."

    In regards to the Midwest, meh.

    Obama has advantages over Clinton in the Lutheran upper Midwest, but Clinton has advantages over Obama in the Appalachian Midwest that leave her better off overall on the November map.

    -----

    In regards to Abramowitz, right on.

    It's like shooting fish in a barrel.

    Well (none / 0) (#10)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:22:08 AM EST
    I do not think of Ohio, PA and Michigan as the Midwest so maybe we have a definitional discrepancy here.

    Parent
    PA not in the Midwest, but Ohio and Michigan are (none / 0) (#16)
    by Ed on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:27:37 AM EST
    Definitional (none / 0) (#21)
    by Petey on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 12:22:10 PM EST
    "I do not think of Ohio, PA and Michigan as the Midwest so maybe we have a definitional discrepancy here."

    Yup.  It's a definitional difference, and I don't think either of us is definitely correct.

    I tend to think of "the Midwest" as everything from the Eastern end of the Appalachians to the Eastern end of the Rockies.  So I put pretty much all of PA West of Philly in the Midwest, as well as all of OH and MI.

    Parent

    Sorry- I was raised a Lutheran in (none / 0) (#11)
    by kenosharick on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:30:03 AM EST
    the upper Midwest (Wis) and he CANNOT win there after rev. wright and the friendship with a "former" domestic terrorist. I know these people- he is toast in Wis. and probably Minn. Mccain could seal it by putting Pawlenty(sp?) on the ticket.

    Parent
    Born in Wisconsin (none / 0) (#19)
    by kenoshaMarge on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 12:03:53 PM EST
    and spent most of my life here. I agree with you 100%. The remarks made by Rev. Wright may not offend some Democrats but it will offend enough of them to make the difference. Besides which, there seems to be a sad little tendency lately for Wisconsin to be skewing more red. Don't understand that given 8 years of Bush, but it does seem like that to me.

    Parent
    BTD on Abramowitz on Krugman on Bartels on Frank (5.00 / 1) (#24)
    by Amileoj on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 01:08:15 PM EST
    BTD is right.  The Abramowitz criticisms of Krugman do not touch his argument at all--especially with respect to presidential voting patterns.  The data here clearly and unambiguously support the Bartels/Krugman view over the Frank/Abramowitz view.

    I would just add that the one criticism that BTD identifies as coming closest to making contact with Krugman's arugment (the question of declining northern working-class party identification) is a complete miss as well, as is obvious from a quick look at the data presented in Prof. Bartel's original (2005) paper (PDF available here):


    [N]et Democratic identification declined by 18% among low-income whites (from 22% in 1952 to 4% in 2004) and by 29% among high-income whites (from 11% to -18%).

    Based on this data, there are two dimensions along which we can see that the Abramowitz critique breaks down:

    1) First, the question of what the independent variable is.  By low- middle- and high-income, Bartels doesn't have anything fuzzily subjective in mind: he means the bottom, middle, and top third of family incomes, period.  That precision in his definition no doubt accounts for much of the difference between Bartel's and Abramowitz's versions of the data.  Thus, when Bartels slices his family-income-based data by region (rather than "collar color" and region), Abramowitz's implication of a big net loss in Democratic party ID among the most economically distresssed northern whites simply disappears into the much more powerful regional variation:


    [O]utside the South there is no evident trend in party identification among low-income whites. Indeed, a simple comparison of beginning and end points shows that Democrats outnumbered Republicans in this group by exactly the same 10% in 2004 (a 31-21 Democratic margin) as in 1952 (a 41-31 Democratic margin).

    If I had to guess, I would say that the big net loss in party ID that is showing up in Abramowitz's data is owing to the disaffection of northerners who still hold the best-paying "blue collar" jobs.  This is because the data clearly show that the more likely a northern worker is to be in economic distress, the less likely they are to have shed their Democratic party identification.  Thus, if we are interested in the affects of actual economic inequality and/or downward mobility on party ID, then Bartels' point stands--it is a non-issue outside the South.

    2) The second weakness in Abramowitz's party ID argument is equally elementary -- it contains no variation on his (ill-defined) independent variable.  In citing this (supposed) decline in party ID among northern working-class whites, Abramowitz simply omits any comparison across socio-economic class -- which is of course the very point at issue.  As Bartels puts it, anticipating this line of criticism based on selective use of the data:


    Focusing on the 18% decline in net Democratic identification among low-income whites [remember, this is entirely owing to the south in Bartel's data -- ed.] would seem to confirm the view that "we've seen poorer folks move over in astonishing numbers to the G.O.P.," as Brooks (2005) put it. However, it seems odd to attribute the Democrats' problems to the white working class when the corresponding decline among more affluent whites is so much larger.

    If like Abramowitz you want to claim that your dependent variable (party ID) moves in the expected direction with changes in your independent variable (class), then you have to actually compare what happens when your independent variable changes.  If what happens is that your dependent variable moves, but in exactly the "wrong" direction (if Dem party ID has taken a much bigger hit among more affluent voters than among less affluent voters), then you probably want to stop blandly asserting the truth of your hypothesis.

    Some of us (none / 0) (#5)
    by Lahdee on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 09:47:53 AM EST
    have problems with the "St. Barack Obama is an unpardonable offense," but I wonder how that'll work in the general. Will the obamasphere continue thusly? I see no reason to believe otherwise.
    I can't wait to see the fireworks as our voices war with their koolaide drinkers. Can we possibly effect the smears and distortions of the corporate media so that Mr/Ms America doesn't lose sight that the republicans remain firmly on the wrong track?

    LOOK, HE'S NOT WEARING A FLAG PIN!

    Fuzzy math? (none / 0) (#8)
    by Radix on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:07:24 AM EST
    Help me out here. Part of the argument is that the Dems had 50% in the 60's which fell to 44% by 2002-2004, yes? While the Repubs started at 45% in the 60's, then rose to 51% in 2002-2004, yes? The author says the Dems enjoyed a 8% advantage in the 60's. If the starting number are 50 and 45, how is that an 8 point difference?

    Because there are no facts, there is no truth, Just data to be manipulated

    Don Henley-The Garden of Allah


    BTD has this kind of transparent (none / 0) (#9)
    by bjorn on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:10:52 AM EST
    obfuscation always gone on to some degree in the blogosphere?  I am new to it so I am just wondering if anything like this happened when Dean and Kerry were fighting it out?  I understand it ended very quickly so maybe part of what is happening is how the blogosphere is handling this long drawn out very tight race? Or is the an Obama phenomena?

    Derangements (none / 0) (#12)
    by Stellaaa on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 10:36:46 AM EST
    Of all the derangements that I do not understand is the Krugman antipathy.  If Krugman a voice of reason, balance and of the left cannot be trusted to have a descending opinion from the mob and it's "framing of the memes" (gag, I will now puke for saying this) what are we to expect?  

    All the " intelligentsia" (they think) has  just fallen in line.  The Nation being a clear example.  What is the point of reading anything in the Nation anymore?   When have they commented on the articles form Dowd or Rich?  

    Having not lived through the time, it reminds me of the American communists that backed Stalin to support "the party", then when the Marxist Leninists in the 70's were justifying the cultural revolution.  

    I know these examples seem extreme, but it shows me this basic flaw in the "intelligentsia" of the left.  They are cowards that fear being isolated and or shunned by their group.  

    I am more than skeptical (none / 0) (#15)
    by Virginian on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:17:03 AM EST
    We have a group of opinion makers that are not as smart as they tell us they are (tearing down people like Krugman, is how they attempt to show their intelligence, but it is more revealing about the lack of their intelligence as evidenced above)...

    But more troubling is the groups that notably very smart that play along (see Robert Reich, Nancy Pelosi, Bill Richardson etc.) These folks know that the marketing of Obama, and the campaigning is bologna. For example, the meme that Obama is a "once in a generation leader." These folks KNOW Obama is not a leader, or at the least these statements are not even close the being supported by any evidences. However, they say them, repeat them, defend them, etc... So it begs the question, what is the game/benefit for them?

    The Markos/Marshall/etc... are easy to pin...they want power, and influence, and have jumped on a bandwagon to try to attain to more power and influence...whatever...that is what the mainstream media did 20 years ago...its a cycle...and it is she same thing and 2-bit con artist would do too (there isn't much distinction actually)..but the smart and savy democratic leaders and representatives that have jumped on board have ulterior motives...they know better...I know it is still about power and influence, but I am not sure  what is says about how they see Obama...in fact the clear option is troubling.

    Parent

    Am I the only one who finds some of the (none / 0) (#13)
    by Virginian on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:06:51 AM EST
    opinion makers more than rediculous?

    There job is to opine, on a blog, in a magazine or paper; but in defense of their opinion, many seem to be experts and academics on just about anything that may not agree with the position or opinion they hold.

    Every Krugman column has these opinion manufacturers up in arms because he attacks Obama's position and defenses on socio-economic issues. And time and again, the opinion makers show themselves to believe that they are the smartest people in the room...no wonder they can't identify their own cognitive dissonance...their egos far outreach their intellect.

    Few are academics, and those that are, often spout off about topics outside their expertise, relying solely on their title to give some notion of validity to their opinion. (of course there are exceptions, Krugman being one of them). But this is not truly an open, nor honest discourse...I expect no presidential campaign really ever is...but the problem is the left side, our side, is supposed to have some sort of foundation is rational, open, and honest debate...but that has been thrown out the window in order to push a power agenda - that is the concentration of power in the hands of our own thinkers (similar to the 2000 election and the rise of the neocons). The problem here is that very few of our opinion makers have much more claim to validity than the neocons did/do (as evidenced by the above "critique" on Krugman)...leading to a recipe for disaster...why would we want to set ourselves up to fail, when the lessons of our opposition have forewarned us against relying on the expertise of our opinion makers?

    The "Creative" Class? (none / 0) (#14)
    by santarita on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:07:24 AM EST
    Prof. Abramowitz must be a member of that class because his argument against Krugman is creative.  One difference is that Abramowitz is talking about white voters while Krugman didn't break out his numbers by race.  

    BTD you're very good at (none / 0) (#17)
    by 1jpb on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:46:46 AM EST
    parsing and noting where a response doesn't accurately address the original point so you must have noticed that Krugman's (and Bartel's) article doesn't address BO's original comments.

    -1) BO was very specific about who he was describing:
    "But the truth is, is that, our challenge is to get people persuaded that we can make progress when there's not evidence of that in their daily lives. ... some of these small towns ... the jobs have been gone now for 25 years and nothing's replaced them. And they fell through ... successive administration has said that somehow these communities are gonna regenerate and they have not."
    Krugman and Bartel, talk about populations that explicitly don't fit BO's description.

    -2) BO used the word cling, which means "to remain close to."  It doesn't mean to "turn to" as Krugman (and many others) falsely claims.  He must not have a dictionary.

    -3) BO suggested many different things that could OR could not be clung to:
    guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment.  And an literal reading would imply that each bitter individual would only cling to one of these things (not all or a combination) because "or" is an exclusionary word, as opposed to "and."
    Both Krugman and Bartels don't consider all of these things that could be clung to.  And, they completely ignore the meaning of the word "or" (and as I noted in point 1 these writers are talking about large populations that were explicitly excluded by BO's original comment.)

    To counter BO's claim someone must narrow down their response to the demographic that BO specifically identified.  Then, they need to prove that these people don't remain close to any of the  five things BO listed.  Anything else is dissembling and misrepresenting BO's original comments.

    Regarding the politics of this; I think that BO's correct, the R's have been setting the agenda.

    I am wondering (5.00 / 1) (#18)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 11:54:01 AM EST
    how you explain Abramowitz also missing, according to you, Obama's point.

    Look, Obama effed up. He gaffed. Why not leave it at that and um, Move On.

    Parent

    Your parsing is inaccurate. (5.00 / 1) (#25)
    by lilburro on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 01:19:46 PM EST
    Cling does not mean what you said it does.  The meaning of cling was negative.  See:

    To hold fast or adhere to something, as by grasping, sticking, embracing, or entwining: clung to the rope to keep from falling; fabrics that cling to the body.To remain close; resist separation: We clung together in the storm.To remain emotionally attached; hold on: clinging to outdated customs.

    As for what he actually said, which is not what you claimed:

    "But the truth is, is that, our challenge is to get people persuaded that we can make progress when there's not evidence of that in their daily lives. You go into some of these small towns in Pennsylvania, and like a lot of small towns in the Midwest, [he's describing a large swath of the population here - places where jobs were lost] the jobs have been gone now for 25 years and nothing's replaced them. And they fell through the Clinton administration, and the Bush administration, and each successive administration has said that somehow these communities are gonna regenerate and they have not. So it's not surprising then that they get bitter, they cling to guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to explain their frustrations."

    He says, a lot of small towns in the Midwest.  He's talking about many different places.  Many different towns in which people are apparently like this.  Krugman and Bartels are within their rights to analyze the way they do.  Of course, part of the problem with Obama's comments is that he made a negative characterization of many different places...places he has obviously only breezed through while on the campaign trail...places he doesn't call home or intimately know.

    Parent

    Only the third definition (none / 0) (#26)
    by 1jpb on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 01:45:05 PM EST
    applies to emotions.  And, it relates to; remaining with, or holding on to.  It doesn't mean "turning to," just as I noted.  I don't have a problem if someone has the opinion that "cling" was a poor choice of words, but they need to know what cling means, it doesn't mean "turn to."  Are you saying that the precise demographic BO described don't hold on to any of the five characteristics BO described?  You're entitled to your opinion.  Do you have data that supports your opinion?

    You have selectively bolded only one part of the description that BO used to describe those he was talking about, you must look at BO's entire description, anything less is purposeful distortion.  We don't need your bracketed interpretation because he clearly states exactly what type of towns are being discussed.  Your added "interpretation" in the middle of his comment is amusing to me.

    Parent

    My brackets are there (none / 0) (#27)
    by lilburro on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 02:14:02 PM EST
    because you left out of your bolding of his comments the fact that he included "a lot of small towns in the Midwest," which certainly changes the meaning of what he meant by "some of these small towns."  You seem to suggest his comments deserve to be seen as referring to a very small portion of the population; I am suggesting his comments certainly gesture at rather large populations.

    "So it's not surprising then that they get bitter, they cling to guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to explain their frustrations."

    I realize that cling doesn't mean "to turn to" but as I quoted above it does mean a certain type of holding, one that "resists separation."  Obama said voters "get bitter," they become bitter, in other words, they weren't bitter before.  After phrasing it that way he says "they cling."  Based on the two different ways you can look at the word "cling," they either get bitter and "remain close" to guns, religion, etc. [let's not forget, to EXPLAIN THEIR FRUSTRATIONS] OR, as the definition I referred to above states, they "adhere to something, as by grasping, sticking, embracing, or entwining."  Basically, they reach out to guns, religion, etc.  So that's why "turn to" isn't a radical misinterpretation of what he said.  

    And don't forget this phase:  "it's not surprising."  We expect small towns to be this way, apparently (at least Obama does).  That's why Krugman's analysis is significant - in the big picture, it's just not true that small towns are any more that way than other economically more prosperous larger (or small) towns.

    Parent

    Some Points to Ponder (none / 0) (#20)
    by santarita on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 12:07:26 PM EST
    First, Sen. Obama himself has stated that he expressed himself rather inartfully.  So I'm not sure that an ardent supporter should try to defend words that the candidate himself doesn't feel exactly good about.

    Second,  as to the difference between "clinging to" and "turning to" , I'm not sure which is worse.  The implication of "turning to" is that people who otherwise wouldn't have done so have found solace for their bitterness in guns or immigration antipathy, etc.  The implication of "clinging to" is that religion, guns or antipathy etc is that the clinger is in the throes of some kind of addiction, that he or she knows is wrong but still can't get over it.  Either clinging to or turning to suggests that the cultural values of some are to be explained away as simply measures to help them cope with negative emotions.

    Parent

    I'm not giving my opinion. (none / 0) (#22)
    by 1jpb on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 12:27:15 PM EST
    People can be opposed to what BO said.  But, they need to be opposed to what he actually said, not some concoction.

    From the start of this I've only asked people to respond to what he said, rather than responding to some made up version of what he said.  I've repeatedly asked why people insist on crediting BO with statements that he never made.  I think I know why Hannity (and his comrades) uses these slight variations in his retelling of this.  But, I truly don't know why MSM reporters, columnists, and left bloggers do it too.  It seems that people internalize his words in a way that is different than the meaning they actually convey, but I don't know why this happens.  

    For the record, I've never stated my opinion on what BO said.

    Parent

    Excuse me, but "to cling" (none / 0) (#23)
    by imhotep on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 12:42:24 PM EST
    carries the inference of a security blanket and as Asimov states on the subject of religion "a thumb to suck and a skirt to hold."  Just sayin.

    Parent
    Perhaps someone else (none / 0) (#28)
    by frankly0 on Sat Apr 19, 2008 at 03:01:47 PM EST
    has made this point, but the years Abramowitz chose to show the rise in Republican identification could hardly have been more cherry-picked: 2002-2004.

    Was there some important event that immediately preceded those years, in say, the latter half of 2001?

    Is that possible?

    And has the effect of that event gone into a lengthy and notorious decline?