It soon became clear to me that the Ossetians viewed Georgians in much the same way that Georgians view Russians: as aggressive bullies bent on taking away their independence. "We are much more worried by Georgian imperialism than Russian imperialism," an Ossetian leader, Gerasim Khugaev, told me. "It is closer to us, and we feel its pressure all the time."
(Emphasis supplied.) These inconvenient facts I expect to be ignored by Fred Hiatt, but not by General Wes Clark:
GENERAL WESLEY CLARK: Putin believes in re-establishing Russia's power. He wants Russia to be an important factor in every issue in the world. He'd like to regain the empire that Russia lost with the breakup of the Soviet Union. He'd love to see the reintegration of Ukraine. Belarus wants to be reintegrated. The Russians've put that on hold, because it's such a basket case. But with Ukraine and Belarus together, then the absorption of some of these other countries, he believes, that are on the periphery could happen, and Russia would once again be a, a much great- it'd be a superpower - unlike what it is today except through the nuclear capacity of course. And so, Georgia, in Putin's mind is probably the first step. They've long prepared Ossetia, South Ossetia and, and Abkhazia along with other areas on the periphery of Russia as, as, a-as grips into the near, what they call 'the near abroad'. . . .
(Emphasis supplied.) General Clark chooses to ignore the fact that South Ossetia (along with Azhbekia) did not want to leave Russia and go with Georgia. Why he chooses to ignore this only he can explain, but the man who fought and won a war to stop Serbian atrocities in Kosovo against the Kosovar Albanian population is ill positioned to ignore the arguments of South Ossetians. It is a major flaw in his analysis.
But there is a larger strategic question that actually justifies Russia's "ambitions," if Clark is properly describing his views of what NATO should be. Clark writes:
GENERAL WESLEY CLARK: Well, I think we should be very concerned and it's not just the U.S. and Russia. This is really about NATO. It's about the U.S. leadership role in Europe and how European countries respond to the United States. So, we need to be focusing on not just a U.S. - Russia bilateral relationship, but we need to be focusing on Transatlantic unity in- and using that Transatlantic unity to shape the behavior of Russia. That's one of the areas in which I think the administration has frankly not been as effective in the last seven years as it could've been, because there's been a lot of emphasis on U.S. unilateral relations with Russia and elsewhere and not enough emphasis on Transatlantic unity.
(Emphasis supplied.) As Clark describes it, one of NATO's missions today is to "shape the behavior of Russia." If that is so, then expansion of NATO into Russia's "near abroad" is truly a provocation. Perhaps it is good policy, but let's stop pretending it has nothing to do with Russia, as Clark does when discussing the placement of a missile system in Poland:
GENERAL WESLEY CLARK: Well no, it's not a direct slap at them, and it's something that's been on the books for a long, long time. We've talked about this for a decade, and they've been consulted on it. They've met with it. They know what the capabilities of the system are. This is just an example of Russian rhetoric aimed at intimidating Europe. . . . This is not something that the Russians have a right to respond on, and their response is unjustified.
This is, in a word, nonsense. For the NYTimes report on the issue:
We have crossed the Rubicon," Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk said, referring to U.S. consent to Poland's demands after more than 18 months of negotiations.
Clark is wrong when he says "this has been on the books for a long time." Clark is wrong in acting as if this were nothing. The POLES call this "crossing the Rubicon." The Poles think it is an important step and no doubt the Russians do too. Clark is either being disingenuous here or is sadly misinformed.
The bald truth here is Clark is endorsing the idea of a NATO whose mission is "to shape Russia's behavior." That makes NATO provocative, in and of itself. But it makes the expansion of NATO even more so. Clark at least recognizes this:
I've been very pleased to see NATO enlarge as it has over the last few years, but every, every step has to be carefully looked at. It has to have the, the backing of all NATO members, and there is some membership criteria that have to be met. One of those membership criteria incidentally is that all the territorial issues have to be resolved. they weren't resolved in the case of Georgia. The United States proposed Georgia for membership. The European allies asked some tough questions. It was decided that to give it a little bit more time. . . .
Unfortunately, in the same passage, Clark again ignored the fact that South Ossetia has no desire to be a part of Georgia:
I think we should've worked for years to diffuse this and protect Georgia's claims on South Ossetia and Abkhazia from Russian encroachment.
What interest does the United State have in "protect[ing] Georgia's claims on South Ossetia and Abkhazia?" Why would Clark, the "liberator of Kosovo," choose to ignore the views of the South Ossetians and the Abkhazians?
I think the answer is clear - in Clark's mind, it is the job of NATO and the West to contain Russia - the underlying grievances notwithstanding. I think it is a wrongheaded view of the situation and frankly, a dangerous view. Clark's responses here are quite disappointing, and the fact that he is expressing the Beltway view of the matter is even more chilling. No doubt Barack Obama will echo these views. To me, this means that the neocons have won another ideological battle, and with far reaching consequences.
Speaking for me only