home

How A State Can Create Standing To Challenge A Federal Law: Pass A Law In Conflict

The absurd ruling (PDF) by Virginia federal judge Henry Hudson denying the United States' motion to dismiss the complaint filed by Virginia AG Ken Cucinelli attacking the recently enacted health care bill (specifically the individual mandate) is most notable for its reasoning for why Virginia has standing to challenge the law. Here is how Ilya Somin, who is sympathetic to the ruling, puts it:

Hudson rejected the federal government’s claim that Virginia did not have standing to challenge the mandate. Although states are generally not allowed standing to litigate the interests of their citizens, Hudson argues that Virginia has standing because the federal health care bill conflicts with a recently enacted Virginia state law, the Health Care Freedom Act. This, he argues, is enough to give Virginia standing [. . .]

If this ruling is eventually upheld (it won't be imo, if the district court decides in Virginia's favor), here is a great new vehicle for challenging federal actions - states could pass laws that expressly conflict with federal policies they don't like and then take the United States to court and challenge the constitutionality of the federal actions. See Jack Balkin. Yes, it's stupid. But it is rather useful, for it really places in stark relief what conservatives are about - reversing by judicial activism settled law regarding the power of the federal government. Yes, they want to refight not only the New Deal but the Civil War as well. A smart and effective Democratic Party would make hay from this.

Speaking for me only

< Monday Night TV and Open Thread | Cohn Concession: Liberals Should Not Clap If They Are Not Happy >
  • The Online Magazine with Liberal coverage of crime-related political and injustice news

  • Contribute To TalkLeft


  • Display: Sort:
    The New Deal was upheld due to judicial cowardice. (1.00 / 1) (#14)
    by Banzel on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:28:38 AM EST
    The notion that someone who grows crops on her own land for her own consumption is somehow engaged in "interstate" commerce is as laughably wrong now as it was when the Supreme Court bowed to FDR's New Deal court packing threats.

    Anyone who has watched recent efforts by various states to begin the process of legalizing marijuana in the face of federal opposition understands how far off the mark New Deal "jurisprudence" was.

    But the health care mandate and tax go a major step further -- punishing a person for declining to engage in commerce (by purchasing insurance).  

    All I can say (none / 0) (#1)
    by andgarden on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 07:29:14 AM EST
    is that it's time for the President to fill the remaining vacancies on the 4th Circuit.

    Double benefit ... (none / 0) (#27)
    by Peter G on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 05:20:53 PM EST
    more positions created for law clerks, right Andy?

    Parent
    heh (none / 0) (#28)
    by andgarden on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 05:40:07 PM EST
    I. . .hadn't considered moving to Richmond. Ever.

    Parent
    So much more than Richmond.... (none / 0) (#32)
    by jbindc on Wed Aug 04, 2010 at 11:01:49 AM EST
    We'll let (none / 0) (#2)
    by NYShooter on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 09:43:21 AM EST
     the almost criminally cruel snark, "A smart and effective Democratic Party would make hay from this" pass for now, but I fail to see any Democratic victory here. Like pointing out the hypocrisy/duplicity in the Republicans' blatant use of judicial activism is supposed to embarrass them? Lying is their greatest strength and the greater the lie the louder the clapping from their base.

    Who was it in the GWB administration who proudly and accurately stated, "we make our own reality?"

    See my response to jbindc (none / 0) (#6)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:15:52 AM EST
    Yikes! yup n/t (none / 0) (#19)
    by NYShooter on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 12:07:51 PM EST
    Whst kind of "hay" would you suggest? (none / 0) (#3)
    by jbindc on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 09:53:40 AM EST
    There's a hearing set for October 18 - where the judge could still dismiss the case.  Do you really think the Dems could "make hay" out of a legal procedural matter?

    Quite easily (none / 0) (#5)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:15:18 AM EST
    The legal theory propounded is an attack on Medicare and Social Security.

    I think there is plenty of hay there.

    Parent

    cut the procedural crap (none / 0) (#4)
    by diogenes on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:14:46 AM EST
    As the judge said, this case is all about the novel notion that the commerce clause allows Congress to tax/regulate citizens for NOT engaging in commerce.
    Why are you so afraid of having this novel notion being brought to judicial review?

    Heh (none / 0) (#7)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:17:22 AM EST
    You raise the novel notion that the federal government can not regulate the health insurance industry, using all means necessary and proper for such.

    What is novel to you was established by the Supreme Court of the United States in McCollough v. Maryland in 1816.

    Parent

    Lets be clear (none / 0) (#10)
    by Abdul Abulbul Amir on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:36:44 AM EST

    Your point seems to be that the mandate is constitutional because the Congress deems it "necessary and proper" to regulate the insurance industry.

    The obvious question is would summary execution  likewise be constitutional if Congress should deem it "necessary and proper" as part of some regulatory scheme to deal with non-compliers?

    The answer for both the hypothetical summary execution and the mandate is no, as neither is necessary to regulate the health care industry.

    Parent

    Summary execution (none / 0) (#12)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:40:54 AM EST
    is obviously not "necessary and proper."

    I suggest you reread McCollough v. Maryland.

    This debate, which began with the First Bank of the United States, was conclusively decide in McCollough in 1816.

    Parent

    I disagree, BTD. Summary execution (none / 0) (#25)
    by Peter G on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 05:07:21 PM EST
    could meet the "necessary and proper" test, but would nevertheless not be constitutional because it would violate the Due Process Clause and the Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause - both of which limit the means that Congress can use to implement its policies, even when within substantive constitutional limits.  Unless you want to read all other constitutional limitations into "proper," which I guess you could do.  Or is it a mistake to try to take our friend Abdul A.A. seriously?

    Parent
    Heh (none / 0) (#26)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 05:10:57 PM EST
    Actually I think Chief Justice Marshall read the Bill of Right into the necessary and proper clause in McCollough, but that is just semantics.

    I am just as comfortable doing it the way you suggest.

    Parent

    stop hidden tricks (none / 0) (#29)
    by diogenes on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 06:15:28 PM EST
    Health reform one--hidden tax by making everyone buy it and rig rates to suck in money from the young and/or healthy.
    Health reform two--the government buys health insurance for everyone, gives it to everyone, makes the cost transparent, and shows the voters how much additional money they have to pay in taxes to this insurance that the mandate says that we all must have.
    The mandate to buy is all about stealth taxes.

    Parent
    settled law? (none / 0) (#8)
    by Abdul Abulbul Amir on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:25:28 AM EST

    But it is rather useful, for it really places in stark relief what conservatives are about - reversing by judicial activism settled law regarding the power of the federal government.

    Just which court decision was it that settled the idea that the federal government could mandate that a citizen purchase a service from a private company against their will?   This recent power grab by the feds is brandy new rather than settled law.

    That is not what the mandate does (5.00 / 1) (#9)
    by Big Tent Democrat on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:34:19 AM EST
    What it does is assess a tax on people who do not purchase their own health insurance. This is obviously a power the federal government has. Not even a close issue.

    That said, I could get behind this case for the result - to wit, we could change the mandate to auto-enrollment in a public health plan, preferably Medicare.

    Parent

    Disagree (none / 0) (#11)
    by Abdul Abulbul Amir on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 10:40:05 AM EST
    That is what the mandate does.  The tax is merely the enforcement mechanism.

    Parent
    So sin taxes are unconstitutional? (none / 0) (#13)
    by andgarden on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:06:55 AM EST
    Someone should tell the tobacco companies!

    Parent
    Article I, Section 8 (none / 0) (#17)
    by Banzel on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:51:18 AM EST
    The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.

    Sin taxes are constitutional excise taxes.

    Parent

    Note (none / 0) (#20)
    by Abdul Abulbul Amir on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 12:08:24 PM EST

    Not that taxes to fail to purchase services is not within the taxing powers so granted.

    Parent
    That would be an ironic (none / 0) (#16)
    by robotalk on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:44:00 AM EST
    and good result.

    Parent
    I'm hoping (none / 0) (#21)
    by waldenpond on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 12:43:26 PM EST
    I'm hoping that the mandate is killed... it seems different from auto insurance as you can choose not to have a car and use public transport.  It seems different from Medicare in that is paying for health care.  The mandate is forcing someone to pay a private person for 'insurance' that may lead to being able to access health care.

    Go Medicare!

    Parent

    Article I, Sections 8 & 9; Amend 16 (none / 0) (#18)
    by Banzel on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:57:52 AM EST
    Section 8 Powers of Congress:

    The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States. . .

    Section 9 Limits on Congress:

    No capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.

    Amendment 16 Income Tax:

    The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.

    Where is the authority to tax someone for not doing something the bureaucrats dictate?

    Parent

    Everybody has to pay the tax (none / 0) (#30)
    by gyrfalcon on Wed Aug 04, 2010 at 10:55:33 AM EST
    But you get an exemption if you buy health insurance.  Seems perfectly acceptable to me.  I believe I get an exemption if I have a child, right?

    Parent
    Wrong (none / 0) (#33)
    by Banzel on Wed Aug 04, 2010 at 03:52:03 PM EST
    The tax is only imposed if you refrain from complying with the government's dictates.  There is no language in the health care law about "exemption" from the tax.

    Parent
    State could pass a law (none / 0) (#15)
    by robotalk on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 11:42:05 AM EST
    saying slavery is constitutional, no need for its citizens to pay federal taxes, etc.  Absurd.

    I does seem there is a trend for legislatures to pass laws they know aren't legal.

    I think the framing of this (none / 0) (#22)
    by CST on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 01:32:24 PM EST
    by the government is wrong - althuogh I'm not sure it matters.

    The way it should be framed is the way it works in MA.  Everyone's taxes go up automatically by the amount of the mandate - then they are just raising your taxes, which is perfectly legal.

    You get a tax credit equal to the amount of the mandate if you buy health insurance.

    Problem solved.  And that's how it works in MA when you fill out your tax form.  You have to prove you have insurance in order to get the credit.  That's it.

    So it's not a fine if you don't buy insurance.  It's a credit if you do buy insurance.  And everyone's taxes go up by the amount of that credit.

    I agree with you that it should (none / 0) (#23)
    by andgarden on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 01:44:46 PM EST
    have been written that way. However, as Balkin and co have amply demonstrated, it doesn't matter how Congress frames a tax. On top of that, and just as important, there's the Commerce Clause.

    This is only a hard case if you intentionally contrive it into one.

    Parent

    Hard to reconcile that with (none / 0) (#24)
    by coast on Tue Aug 03, 2010 at 03:07:32 PM EST
    "I'm only going to raise taxes on the rich".

    Parent
    Now, there's a constitutional (none / 0) (#31)
    by gyrfalcon on Wed Aug 04, 2010 at 10:56:51 AM EST
    issue for ya!

    Parent